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Game Control Functions

The game provides two main functions for player interaction.

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jugar()

Starts a new game session.

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Signature

(deffunction jugar ()
  "Función para comenzar un nuevo juego"
  (clear-window)
  (reset)
  (run)
)

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Parameters

None

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Return Value

None (void)

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Behavior

  1. (clear-window) - Clears the console screen
  2. (reset) - Resets the CLIPS environment:
    • Removes all facts except initial facts
    • Activates rules from deffacts hechos-iniciales
    • Sets up blank board and piece definitions
  3. (run) - Starts the inference engine:
    • Rules begin firing in priority order
    • Board is initialized and rendered
    • Player is prompted for first move

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Usage

; Start a new game immediately
(jugar)
This function skips the instruction screen and goes directly to gameplay.

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Source Location

raton_y_gatos.clp:21-26

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instrucciones()

Displays game instructions then starts a new game.

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Signature

(deffunction instrucciones ()
  "Función para mostrar las instruccion del juego"
  ; ... instruction display code ...
  (jugar)
)

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Parameters

None

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Return Value

None (void)

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Behavior

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Screen 1: Setup Instructions

  1. Clears window
  2. Displays header: “JUEGO DEL RATON Y LOS GATOS”
  3. Shows setup instructions:
    • Requires two players and a chess board
    • Four cat pieces (same color)
    • One mouse piece (different color)
    • Initial placement: cats on row 8 black squares, mouse on row 1
  4. Waits for user to press any key

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Screen 2: Game Rules

  1. Clears window and redisplays header
  2. Shows five game rules:
    • Rule 1: Mouse moves first, can move to any adjacent black diagonal square
    • Rule 2: Cats move forward only, one at a time
    • Rule 3: Players alternate turns
    • Rule 4: Mouse wins by reaching row 8
    • Rule 5: Cats win by trapping the mouse
  3. Waits for user to press any key
  4. Calls (jugar) to start the game

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Usage

; Show instructions and start game
(instrucciones)

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Full Source Code

(deffunction instrucciones ()
  "Función para mostrar las instruccion del juego"

  (clear-window)
  (printout t crlf   "    ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::JUEGO DEL RATON Y LOS GATOS:::::::::::::::::::::::"crlf)
  (printout t crlf   "    INSTRUCCIONES"crlf)

  (printout t crlf   "    Se necesitan dos jugadores y un tablero de ajedrez."crlf
                     "    Se utilizan cuatro fichas del mismo color, que simbolizan a los gatos,"crlf
                     "    y otra ficha de distinto color, que simboliza al ratón."crlf
                     "    Los cuatro gatos se sitúan en un extremo del tablero, ocupando todas las"crlf
                     "    casillas negras de la primera fila. El ratón se sitúa en el otro extremo"crlf
                     "    del tablero, en cualquiera de las casillas negras de la primera fila. "crlf
  )
  (printout t crlf   "    Escribe una letra para continuar...")
  (bind ?input (read))
  (clear-window)

  (printout t crlf   "    ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::JUEGO DEL RATON Y LOS GATOS:::::::::::::::::::::::"crlf)
  (printout t crlf   "    INSTRUCCIONES"crlf)

  (printout t crlf   "1-  El ratón es el primero en moverse. En cualquier momento el ratón puede moverse"crlf
                     "    a cualquiera de las casillas negras próximas a él, siempre que la casilla no "crlf
                     "    esté ya ocupada por un gato."crlf crlf

                     "2-  Después de moverse el ratón, le toca el turno a uno de los gatos. Los gatos "crlf
                     "    pueden moverse sólo hacia delante, siempre qu e la casilla no esté ocupada por "crlf
                     "    el ratón o por alguno de los otros gatos."crlf crlf

                     "3-  Cuando se haya movido uno de los gatos, le tocará el turno al ratón, y así "crlf
                     "    sucesivamente."crlf crlf

                     "4-  Gana el ratón si consigue llegar al lado contrario, es decir, a cualquiera "crlf
                     "    de las casillas de las que salieron los gatos."crlf crlf

                     "5-  Ganan los gatos si consiguen atrapar al ratón, de manera que el ratón no pueda"crlf
                     "    moverse más."crlf crlf
  )
  (printout t crlf   "    Escribe una letra para comenzar...")
  (bind ?input (read))
  (jugar)
)

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Source Location

raton_y_gatos.clp:28-71

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Common CLIPS Built-in Functions Used

The game also uses several CLIPS built-in functions:

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I/O Functions

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printout
function
Syntax: (printout <target> <items>...)Prints text to output stream. Target t means standard output.Special tokens:
  • crlf - Carriage return + line feed (newline)
Example: (printout t "Hello" crlf)
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read
function
Syntax: (read)Reads a single token from standard input.Returns: Number or symbol entered by userExample: (bind ?input (read))
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clear-window
function
Syntax: (clear-window)Clears the console screen (platform-dependent).

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Control Functions

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reset
function
Syntax: (reset)Resets the CLIPS environment:
  • Removes all facts except those in deffacts
  • Clears agenda
  • Re-asserts initial facts
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run
function
Syntax: (run [limit])Starts executing rules from the agenda until:
  • No more rules can fire, or
  • Optional limit is reached, or
  • (halt) is called
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halt
function
Syntax: (halt)Stops rule execution immediately. Used in finalizar-juego rule.

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Fact Manipulation Functions

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assert
function
Syntax: (assert <fact>)Adds a new fact to working memory.Example: (assert (pedir-movimiento-raton))
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retract
function
Syntax: (retract <fact-index>)Removes a fact from working memory.Example: (retract ?h)
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modify
function
Syntax: (modify <fact-index> (<slot> <value>)...)Changes slot values in an existing fact.Example: (modify ?casilla (valor 4))
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fact-slot-value
function
Syntax: (fact-slot-value <fact-index> <slot-name>)Retrieves the value of a specific slot from a fact.Returns: The slot’s valueExample: (bind ?val (fact-slot-value ?gato valor))

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Math and Logic Functions

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bind
function
Syntax: (bind <variable> <expression>)Assigns a value to a variable.Example: (bind ?suma (+ ?a ?b))
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if-then-else
function
Syntax: (if <condition> then <actions> else <actions>)Conditional execution.Example:
(if (> ?x 10)
  then (printout t "Large" crlf)
  else (printout t "Small" crlf)
)
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loop-for-count
function
Syntax: (loop-for-count (<var> <start> <end>) do <actions>)For loop iteration.Example: (loop-for-count (?i 1 8) do (printout t ?i crlf))

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Usage Examples

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Starting the Game for First Time

; Load the game
CLIPS> (load "raton_y_gatos.clp")
TRUE

; View instructions and play
CLIPS> (instrucciones)

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Starting Subsequent Games

; Quick restart after game over
CLIPS> (jugar)

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Debugging Gameplay

; Start game
CLIPS> (jugar)

; In another terminal, view current facts
CLIPS> (facts)

; View which rules are ready to fire
CLIPS> (agenda)

; View all rules
CLIPS> (rules)

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