Architecture Overview

​

Overview

​

Component Architecture

​

Core Components

​

ImageGlass (Main Application)

• Application initialization and lifecycle management
• Main window (FrmMain) and UI orchestration
• Event handling and user interactions
• Integration of all components

• FrmMain/ - Main window implementation
• ImageGlass.csproj - Project configuration
• app.manifest - Application manifest for Windows

<PackageReference Include="D2Phap.FileWatcherEx" Version="3.0.0" />
<PackageReference Include="ImageGlass.Tools" Version="1.9200.2" />

​

ImageGlass.Base

ImageGlass.Base/
├── Actions/          # Action system (SingleAction, ToggleAction)
├── BHelper/          # Helper utilities and extensions
│   └── Extensions/   # Extension methods for common types
├── Cache/            # Caching mechanisms
├── Colors/           # Color management utilities
├── EditApps/         # External editor integration
├── FileSystem/       # File system operations
├── ImageInfo/        # Image metadata handling
├── InstanceManagement/ # Single-instance application management
├── Language/         # Localization support
├── Photoing/         # Image processing utilities
├── QueuedWorker/     # Background task management
├── Types/            # Common types and enums
├── Update/           # Update checking and management
├── Webview2/         # WebView2 integration
└── WinApi/           # Windows API interop

• App.cs - Application-level utilities and constants
• BHelper/Extensions/ - Extension methods for Bitmap, Color, Control, etc.
• Types/Const.cs - Application constants
• Types/Enums.cs - Common enumerations

public static class BitmapExtensions
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Gets pixel color.
    /// </summary>
    public static Color GetPixelColor(this Bitmap? bmp, int x, int y)
    {
        if (bmp == null) return Color.Transparent;

        unsafe
        {
            var bitmapData = bmp.LockBits(
                new Rectangle(0, 0, bmp.Width, bmp.Height), 
                ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, 
                bmp.PixelFormat);

            var firstPixelPtr = (byte*)bitmapData.Scan0;
            var position = (bitmapData.Stride * y) + (x * 4);

            var color = Color.FromArgb(
                firstPixelPtr[position + 3],
                firstPixelPtr[position + 2],
                firstPixelPtr[position + 1],
                firstPixelPtr[position + 0]);

            bmp.UnlockBits(bitmapData);
            return color;
        }
    }
}

• Magick.NET (ImageMagick for .NET) - Image processing
• Microsoft.Web.WebView2 - Embedded browser control
• PhotoSauce.MagicScaler - High-performance image scaling
• DirectNStandard - Direct2D and DirectX interop
• WicNet - Windows Imaging Component
• Microsoft.Windows.CsWin32 - Windows API source generation

​

ImageGlass.UI

• Modern UI controls with custom styling
• Theme support and visual customization
• Reusable UI components

• Custom labels and buttons
• Modern link labels
• Toolbar components
• Dialog and form bases

<ProjectReference Include="ImageGlass.Base" />
<ProjectReference Include="ImageGlass.Gallery" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Windows.CsWin32" />

​

ImageGlass.Viewer

• ViewerCanvas.cs - Main image viewer control
• ViewerCanvas_Touch.cs - Touch input handling
• ViewerCanvas_Webview2.cs - WebView2 integration for web content
• SelectionResizer.cs - Image selection and cropping
• VHelper.cs - Viewer helper utilities

• Hardware-accelerated rendering
• Zoom and pan functionality
• Touch and gesture support
• Selection and cropping tools
• WebView2 integration for SVG, HTML, and other web formats

<ProjectReference Include="ImageGlass.Base" />
<ProjectReference Include="ImageGlass.WinTouch" />

​

ImageGlass.Gallery

ImageGlass.Gallery/
├── Cache/            # Thumbnail caching
├── Extractor/        # Thumbnail extraction
├── Item/             # Gallery item models
├── Managers/         # Gallery management
└── Renderer/         # Thumbnail rendering

• Efficient thumbnail generation and caching
• Virtual scrolling for large image collections
• Background thumbnail loading
• Memory-efficient rendering

<ProjectReference Include="ImageGlass.Base" />
<ProjectReference Include="ImageGlass.WinTouch" />

​

ImageGlass.Settings

ImageGlass.Settings/
├── Events/           # Settings-related events
├── Forms/            # Settings UI forms
├── ToolConfigs/      # Tool configuration models
└── WebUI/            # Web-based settings UI (excluded from build)

• JSON-based configuration storage
• Settings validation and migration
• Settings dialog forms
• Tool and external app configuration

<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json" />
<ProjectReference Include="ImageGlass.Base" />
<ProjectReference Include="ImageGlass.UI" />

​

ImageGlass.WebP

• WebP decoding and encoding
• Integration with libwebp
• Optimized performance for WebP images

<ProjectReference Include="ImageGlass.WebP" />

​

ImageGlass.WinTouch

• Multi-touch gesture recognition
• Touch-optimized interactions
• Windows Ink support

​

igcmd (Command-Line Utility)

• Batch image operations
• Automation and scripting support
• Integration with shell scripts

<PackageReference Include="ImageGlass.Tools" Version="1.9200.2" />
<ProjectReference Include="ImageGlass.Base" />
<ProjectReference Include="ImageGlass.Settings" />
<ProjectReference Include="ImageGlass.UI" />
<ProjectReference Include="ImageGlass.Viewer" />

​

Data Flow

​

Image Loading Pipeline

1. File System (ImageGlass.Base) - Detects and lists image files
2. Image Loading (ImageGlass.Base) - Loads image data using appropriate codec
3. Processing (ImageGlass.Base) - Applies transformations, color management
4. Rendering (ImageGlass.Viewer) - Renders to the viewer canvas
5. Display (ImageGlass Main) - Shows in the main window

​

Settings Management

1. Configuration Files (JSON) - Stored in user profile
2. Settings Service (ImageGlass.Settings) - Loads and validates settings
3. UI Binding (ImageGlass.UI) - Reflects settings in the interface
4. Change Notification (Events) - Updates all components when settings change

​

Performance Considerations

​

Unsafe Code

• Direct pixel manipulation in BitmapExtensions
• Memory-efficient image processing
• Hardware-accelerated rendering

​

Hardware Acceleration

• Direct2D - GPU-accelerated 2D rendering
• DirectX - Hardware acceleration for transforms
• WIC (Windows Imaging Component) - Native image decoding

​

Memory Management

• Image Caching - Configurable cache for recently viewed images
• Thumbnail Cache - Separate cache for gallery thumbnails
• Lazy Loading - Images loaded on-demand
• Proper Disposal - IDisposableAnalyzers ensures resource cleanup

​

Threading Model

• UI Thread - Main window and user interactions
• Background Workers (QueuedWorker) - Image loading and processing
• Thumbnail Generator - Separate thread for gallery thumbnails
• File Watcher - Monitors directory changes asynchronously

​

Platform-Specific Features

​

x64 vs ARM64

<PackageReference Include="D2Phap.EggShell-ARM64" Condition="'$(Platform)' == 'ARM64'" />
<PackageReference Include="D2Phap.EggShell-x64" Condition="'$(Platform)' == 'X64'" />

​

Windows 10/11 APIs

• Modern Windows APIs
• WebView2 integration
• Touch and pen input
• Windows Imaging Component (WIC)

​

Next Steps

• Getting Started - Set up your development environment
• Building from Source - Detailed build instructions
• Contributing Guide - Learn how to contribute