Solana to EVM Transfers

Overview

You can bridge tokens from Solana to any EVM-compatible chain. Unlike EVM-to-EVM transfers, Solana transactions use a different signing and submission process.

Complete Example: Solana to Polygon

This example transfers 0.01 SOL from Solana to Polygon (as native MATIC).

sol-to-poly.ts

import 'dotenv/config';
import {
  ethers,
  Wallet,
  TransactionRequest
} from "ethers";
import { VersionedTransaction, Connection, Keypair } from "@solana/web3.js";
import bs58 from 'bs58';
import { createDebridgeBridgeOrder } from '../../utils/deBridge/createDeBridgeOrder';
import { deBridgeOrderInput } from '../../types';
import { getEnvConfig } from '../../utils';
import { EVM_NATIVE_TOKEN, SOL } from '../../utils/tokens';
import { prepareSolanaTransaction } from '../../utils/solana';
import { CHAIN_IDS } from '../../utils/chains';

async function main() {
  const { privateKey, solPrivateKey, solRpcUrl } = getEnvConfig();

  // Setup wallets
  const wallet = new Wallet(privateKey);
  const evmUserAddress = wallet.address;
  const solWallet = Keypair.fromSecretKey(bs58.decode(solPrivateKey));

  console.log(`SOL address (sender): ${solWallet.publicKey.toBase58()}`);
  console.log(`EVM address (recipient): ${evmUserAddress}`);

  // Prepare order parameters
  const solDecimals = 9;
  const amountToSend = "0.01";

  // Affiliate fee parameters
  const affiliateFeePercent = 0.1;
  const affiliateFeeRecipient = "862oLANNqhdXyUCwLJPBqUHrScrqNR4yoGWGTxjZftKs";

  const amountInAtomicUnit = ethers.parseUnits(amountToSend, solDecimals);

  const orderInput: deBridgeOrderInput = {
    srcChainId: CHAIN_IDS.Solana.toString(),
    srcChainTokenIn: SOL.nativeSol,
    srcChainTokenInAmount: amountInAtomicUnit.toString(),
    dstChainId: CHAIN_IDS.Polygon.toString(),
    dstChainTokenOut: EVM_NATIVE_TOKEN.address,
    dstChainTokenOutRecipient: evmUserAddress,
    account: solWallet.publicKey.toBase58(),
    srcChainOrderAuthorityAddress: solWallet.publicKey.toBase58(),
    dstChainOrderAuthorityAddress: evmUserAddress,
    affiliateFeePercent,
    affiliateFeeRecipient
  };

  console.log("Creating deBridge order...");
  const order = await createDebridgeBridgeOrder(orderInput);

  if (!order?.tx?.data) {
    throw new Error("Invalid transaction request from createDebridgeBridgeOrder");
  }

  console.log("Order Estimation:", order.estimation);
  const transactionRequest: TransactionRequest = order.tx;

  const signedTx = await prepareSolanaTransaction(
    solRpcUrl,
    order.tx.data,
    solWallet
  );
  const connection = new Connection(solRpcUrl, { commitment: "confirmed" });

  // Send transaction on Solana
  try {
    console.log("Sending deBridge transaction on Solana...");
    const raw = signedTx.serialize();
    const signature = await connection.sendRawTransaction(raw, {
      skipPreflight: false
    });
    
    console.log(`Transaction sent! Signature: ${signature}`);
    console.log(`View on Solscan: https://solscan.io/tx/${signature}`);
  } catch (err) {
    console.error("Error sending Solana transaction:", err);
    process.exitCode = 1;
  }
}

main().catch((error) => {
  console.error("Fatal error:", error);
  process.exitCode = 1;
});

Key Differences from EVM

Solana Wallet Setup

Solana uses a different wallet structure:

import { Keypair } from "@solana/web3.js";
import bs58 from 'bs58';

// Load Solana private key from environment
const { solPrivateKey } = getEnvConfig();

// Create keypair from base58 private key
const solWallet = Keypair.fromSecretKey(bs58.decode(solPrivateKey));

// Get public key as base58 string
const solAddress = solWallet.publicKey.toBase58();
console.log(`Solana address: ${solAddress}`);

Transaction Signing

Solana transactions require special preparation:

import { prepareSolanaTransaction } from '../../utils/solana';
import { Connection } from "@solana/web3.js";

// Prepare and sign transaction
const signedTx = await prepareSolanaTransaction(
  solRpcUrl,
  order.tx.data,
  solWallet
);

// Submit to Solana network
const connection = new Connection(solRpcUrl, { commitment: "confirmed" });
const raw = signedTx.serialize();
const signature = await connection.sendRawTransaction(raw, {
  skipPreflight: false
});

No Token Approval

Solana transactions do not require separate token approval. Token spending authorization is included in the transaction.

Example: Solana USDC to Polygon

sol-usdc-to-poly.ts

import { USDC } from '../../utils/tokens';

const orderInput: deBridgeOrderInput = {
  srcChainId: CHAIN_IDS.Solana.toString(),
  srcChainTokenIn: USDC.SOLANA,
  srcChainTokenInAmount: ethers.parseUnits("0.2", 6).toString(),
  dstChainId: CHAIN_IDS.Polygon.toString(),
  dstChainTokenOut: USDC.POLYGON,
  dstChainTokenOutRecipient: evmUserAddress,
  account: solWallet.publicKey.toBase58(),
  srcChainOrderAuthorityAddress: solWallet.publicKey.toBase58(),
  dstChainOrderAuthorityAddress: evmUserAddress,
};

Environment Setup

Your .env file needs both EVM and Solana credentials:

.env

# EVM wallet private key (hex format)
PRIVATE_KEY=0x...

# Solana wallet private key (base58 format)
SOL_PRIVATE_KEY=your_base58_private_key

# Solana RPC URL
SOL_RPC_URL=https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com

Native Token Transfers

SOL to Native EVM Tokens

Bridge SOL to native tokens on EVM chains:

import { EVM_NATIVE_TOKEN, SOL } from '../../utils/tokens';

const orderInput: deBridgeOrderInput = {
  srcChainId: CHAIN_IDS.Solana.toString(),
  srcChainTokenIn: SOL.nativeSol, // Native SOL
  srcChainTokenInAmount: ethers.parseUnits("0.01", 9).toString(),
  dstChainId: CHAIN_IDS.Polygon.toString(),
  dstChainTokenOut: EVM_NATIVE_TOKEN.address, // Native MATIC
  dstChainTokenOutRecipient: evmAddress,
  account: solWallet.publicKey.toBase58(),
};

Token Decimals

SOL uses 9 decimals, while most EVM tokens use 18 decimals for native tokens and 6 for USDC.

// SOL: 9 decimals
const solAmount = ethers.parseUnits("0.01", 9); // 10000000

// USDC: 6 decimals (same on Solana and most EVM chains)
const usdcAmount = ethers.parseUnits("5", 6); // 5000000

Authority Addresses

Set authority addresses correctly for cross-chain transfers:

const orderInput: deBridgeOrderInput = {
  srcChainId: CHAIN_IDS.Solana.toString(),
  srcChainTokenIn: SOL.nativeSol,
  srcChainTokenInAmount: amountInAtomicUnit.toString(),
  dstChainId: CHAIN_IDS.Polygon.toString(),
  dstChainTokenOut: EVM_NATIVE_TOKEN.address,
  dstChainTokenOutRecipient: evmAddress,
  account: solWallet.publicKey.toBase58(),
  srcChainOrderAuthorityAddress: solWallet.publicKey.toBase58(), // Solana address
  dstChainOrderAuthorityAddress: evmAddress, // EVM address
};

Affiliate Fees on Solana

You can earn affiliate fees on Solana-to-EVM transfers:

const orderInput: deBridgeOrderInput = {
  // ... other parameters
  affiliateFeePercent: 0.1, // 0.1% fee
  affiliateFeeRecipient: "862oLANNqhdXyUCwLJPBqUHrScrqNR4yoGWGTxjZftKs", // Solana address
};

For Solana-to-EVM transfers, the affiliate fee recipient should be a Solana address. Fees are collected on Solana in the source token.

Transaction Response

Solana transactions return a signature instead of a hash:

const signature = await connection.sendRawTransaction(raw, {
  skipPreflight: false
});

console.log(`Transaction signature: ${signature}`);
console.log(`View on Solscan: https://solscan.io/tx/${signature}`);
console.log(`View on SolanaFM: https://solana.fm/tx/${signature}`);

Monitoring Solana Transactions

Confirm transaction on Solana:

import { Connection } from "@solana/web3.js";

const connection = new Connection(solRpcUrl, { commitment: "confirmed" });
const signature = await connection.sendRawTransaction(raw);

// Wait for confirmation
const confirmation = await connection.confirmTransaction(signature, "confirmed");

if (confirmation.value.err) {
  console.error("Transaction failed:", confirmation.value.err);
} else {
  console.log("Transaction confirmed successfully!");
}

Supported Destinations

You can bridge from Solana to any EVM chain:

Destination Chain	Chain ID	Example Token
Ethereum	1	USDC, ETH
Polygon	137	USDC, MATIC
Arbitrum	42161	USDC, ETH
BNB Chain	56	USDC, BNB
Optimism	10	USDC, ETH
Base	8453	USDC, ETH

Best Practices

Use correct Solana RPC endpoint

Use a reliable Solana RPC endpoint:

// Mainnet
const solRpcUrl = "https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com";

// Or use a dedicated provider
const solRpcUrl = "https://solana-mainnet.g.alchemy.com/v2/your-api-key";

Handle Solana private keys securely

Store Solana private keys in base58 format:

.env

SOL_PRIVATE_KEY=your_base58_encoded_private_key

Never commit private keys to version control.

Check Solana balance before bridging

Ensure sufficient SOL balance for transaction fees:

const balance = await connection.getBalance(solWallet.publicKey);
console.log(`SOL balance: ${balance / 1e9} SOL`);

if (balance < 0.01 * 1e9) {
  throw new Error("Insufficient SOL for transaction fees");
}

Set commitment level appropriately

Use appropriate commitment levels:

// For fast confirmations
const connection = new Connection(solRpcUrl, { commitment: "confirmed" });

// For maximum security
const connection = new Connection(solRpcUrl, { commitment: "finalized" });

Troubleshooting

Solana transactions have different error formats than EVM transactions.

Common Issues

Insufficient SOL balance: Ensure you have enough SOL for fees:

const balance = await connection.getBalance(solWallet.publicKey);
if (balance < 0.01 * 1e9) {
  throw new Error(`Insufficient SOL. Balance: ${balance / 1e9} SOL`);
}

Invalid private key format: Ensure private key is base58-encoded:

import bs58 from 'bs58';

try {
  const keypair = Keypair.fromSecretKey(bs58.decode(solPrivateKey));
  console.log(`Loaded keypair: ${keypair.publicKey.toBase58()}`);
} catch (error) {
  console.error("Invalid Solana private key format");
}

Transaction simulation failed: Check transaction with skipPreflight: true:

const signature = await connection.sendRawTransaction(raw, {
  skipPreflight: true, // Skip simulation
  maxRetries: 3,
});

RPC connection issues: Verify RPC URL is accessible:

try {
  const version = await connection.getVersion();
  console.log(`Connected to Solana version: ${version['solana-core']}`);
} catch (error) {
  console.error("Failed to connect to Solana RPC:", error);
}

Get Started

Cross-Chain Orders

Same-Chain Swaps

Hooks

Order Management

Affiliate Operations

Reference

Overview

Complete Example: Solana to Polygon

Key Differences from EVM

Solana Wallet Setup

Transaction Signing

No Token Approval

Example: Solana USDC to Polygon

Environment Setup

Native Token Transfers

SOL to Native EVM Tokens

Token Decimals

Authority Addresses

Affiliate Fees on Solana

Transaction Response

Monitoring Solana Transactions

Supported Destinations

Best Practices

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

Next Steps

Build docs developers (and LLMs) love

Get Started

Cross-Chain Orders

Same-Chain Swaps

Hooks

Order Management

Affiliate Operations

Reference

​Overview

​Complete Example: Solana to Polygon

​Key Differences from EVM

​Solana Wallet Setup

​Transaction Signing

​No Token Approval

​Example: Solana USDC to Polygon

​Environment Setup

​Native Token Transfers

​SOL to Native EVM Tokens

​Token Decimals

​Authority Addresses

​Affiliate Fees on Solana

​Transaction Response

​Monitoring Solana Transactions

​Supported Destinations

​Best Practices

​Troubleshooting

​Common Issues

​Next Steps

Build docs developers (and LLMs) love

Overview

Complete Example: Solana to Polygon

Key Differences from EVM

Solana Wallet Setup

Transaction Signing

No Token Approval

Example: Solana USDC to Polygon

Environment Setup

Native Token Transfers

SOL to Native EVM Tokens

Token Decimals

Authority Addresses

Affiliate Fees on Solana

Transaction Response

Monitoring Solana Transactions

Supported Destinations

Best Practices

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

Next Steps