Biological Assets (Level 6)

Overview

Biological Assets represent Level 6 in CONFOR’s forest patrimony hierarchy — individual forest stands, plantations, or inventory units within Level 4 management units. This module tracks growth metrics, genetic material, management schemes, and economic valuation for accounting purposes.

Biological assets are the “accounting units” that represent measurable forest value. They link operational forestry data with financial accounting systems.

Key Capabilities

Stand Inventory

Track volume, height, diameter, basal area, and tree density

Genetic Material

Document species, provenances, and genetic improvement programs

Growth Metrics

Calculate IMA (Mean Annual Increment) and site index classifications

Economic Valuation

Record establishment costs and fair value for accounting

Data Model

Biological Asset Schema

prisma/schema.prisma

model ForestBiologicalAssetLevel6 {
  id                            String                @id @default(uuid())
  level4Id                      String                // Parent management unit
  biologicalAssetKey            String                @unique // Primary identifier
  accountingKey                 String?               // Financial system link
  establishmentDate             DateTime?
  plantingYear                  Int?
  
  // Genetic Material
  geneticMaterialCode           String?
  geneticMaterialName           String?
  
  // Type
  assetType                     BiologicalAssetType   @default(COMERCIAL)
  
  // Management
  managementSchemeCode          String?
  managementSchemeName          String?
  
  // Inventory
  inventoryCode                 String?
  inventoryType                 String?
  inventoryDate                 DateTime?
  inventoryAgeYears             Int?
  level5UnitCount               Int?                  // Number of sample plots
  
  // Spacing
  spacingCode                   String?
  spacingDescription            String?
  spacingBetweenRowsM           Decimal?
  spacingBetweenTreesM          Decimal?
  treeDensityPerHa              Decimal?
  survivalRate                  Decimal?              // 0-100%
  
  // Growth Metrics
  dominantHeightM               Decimal?
  meanHeightM                   Decimal?
  quadraticDiameterM            Decimal?
  basalAreaM2                   Decimal?
  
  // Volume
  unitVolumeM3NoBarkPerHa       Decimal?
  unitVolumeM3WithBarkPerHa     Decimal?
  totalVolumeM3NoBark           Decimal?
  totalVolumeM3WithBark         Decimal?
  adjustedVolumeM3NoBarkPerHa   Decimal?
  adjustedVolumeM3WithBarkPerHa Decimal?
  
  // IMA Classification
  imaClassCode                  String?
  imaClassName                  String?
  
  // Economic
  actualCostUsd                 Decimal?              // Establishment cost
  
  isActive                      Boolean               @default(true)
  createdAt                     DateTime              @default(now())
  updatedAt                     DateTime              @updatedAt
  
  level4                        ForestPatrimonyLevel4
}

Asset Types

prisma/schema.prisma

enum BiologicalAssetType {
  COMERCIAL     // Commercial production
  INVESTIGACION // Research/experimental
}

Creating Biological Assets

User Workflow

Select Management Unit

Navigate to a Level 4 management unit (RODAL, PARCELA, etc.)

Create New Asset

Click New Biological Asset and fill in:

Unique biological asset key (e.g., BA-RODAL-A1-2019-PC)
Establishment date and planting year
Asset type (commercial or research)

Genetic Material

Document:

Species (linked to species catalog)
Genetic material code and name
Provenance (origin)
Plant type (seedling, clone, etc.)

Management Details

Configure:

Management scheme
Spacing configuration
Survival rate

Inventory Data

Enter measurement data:

Inventory date and age
Height and diameter metrics
Volume calculations
IMA classification

Economic Valuation

Record establishment costs for accounting integration

API Operations

Creating Assets

POST /api/forest/biological-assets

src/validations/forest-biological-asset.schema.ts

export const createBiologicalAssetSchema = z.object({
  level4Id: uuidSchema,
  biologicalAssetKey: z.string().trim().min(1).max(220),
  accountingKey: nullableString,
  establishmentDate: nullableDate,
  plantingYear: nullableInt,
  geneticMaterialCode: nullableString,
  geneticMaterialName: nullableString,
  assetType: z.enum(["COMERCIAL", "INVESTIGACION"]).default("COMERCIAL"),
  // ... additional fields
});

Example Request:

{
  "level4Id": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000",
  "biologicalAssetKey": "BA-RODAL-A1-2019-PINO",
  "accountingKey": "AB-2019-001",
  "establishmentDate": "2019-03-15",
  "plantingYear": 2019,
  "geneticMaterialCode": "PC-001",
  "geneticMaterialName": "Pino Caribe - Lote Semillero",
  "assetType": "COMERCIAL",
  "managementSchemeCode": "INT-001",
  "managementSchemeName": "Manejo Intensivo",
  "spacingCode": "3X3",
  "spacingBetweenRowsM": 3.0,
  "spacingBetweenTreesM": 3.0,
  "treeDensityPerHa": 1111,
  "survivalRate": 85.5,
  "inventoryCode": "INV-2024-001",
  "inventoryType": "Censo",
  "inventoryDate": "2024-02-10",
  "inventoryAgeYears": 5,
  "dominantHeightM": 12.5,
  "meanHeightM": 11.2,
  "quadraticDiameterM": 0.145,
  "basalAreaM2": 18.5,
  "unitVolumeM3NoBarkPerHa": 85.3,
  "totalVolumeM3NoBark": 3853.5,
  "imaClassCode": "IMA-III",
  "imaClassName": "Clase III (18-22 m³/ha/año)",
  "actualCostUsd": 2500.00
}

Querying Assets

GET /api/forest/biological-assets?level4Id={id}&search=PINO Query Parameters:

level4Id: Filter by parent Level 4 unit
search: Text search in biological asset key, accounting key, genetic material
sortBy: Sort field (default: biologicalAssetKey)
sortOrder: asc or desc (default: asc)
page: Page number
limit: Items per page (max: 100)

Response:

{
  "items": [
    {
      "id": "...",
      "biologicalAssetKey": "BA-RODAL-A1-2019-PINO",
      "accountingKey": "AB-2019-001",
      "plantingYear": 2019,
      "geneticMaterialName": "Pino Caribe - Lote Semillero",
      "assetType": "COMERCIAL",
      "inventoryAgeYears": 5,
      "totalVolumeM3NoBark": "3853.50",
      "imaClassName": "Clase III (18-22 m³/ha/año)",
      "actualCostUsd": "2500.00",
      "level4": {
        "code": "RODAL-A1",
        "name": "Rodal A1"
      }
    }
  ],
  "pagination": {
    "total": 150,
    "page": 1,
    "limit": 25,
    "totalPages": 6
  }
}

Updating Assets

PATCH /api/forest/biological-assets/[id] Update inventory data after measurements:

{
  "inventoryCode": "INV-2025-001",
  "inventoryDate": "2025-02-15",
  "inventoryAgeYears": 6,
  "dominantHeightM": 15.2,
  "meanHeightM": 13.8,
  "quadraticDiameterM": 0.178,
  "basalAreaM2": 22.3,
  "unitVolumeM3NoBarkPerHa": 112.5,
  "totalVolumeM3NoBark": 5062.5,
  "imaClassCode": "IMA-II",
  "imaClassName": "Clase II (22-26 m³/ha/año)"
}

Deleting Assets

DELETE /api/forest/biological-assets/[id] Permanently removes the biological asset record.

Deleting biological assets removes accounting history. Consider setting isActive: false instead for soft deletion.

Genetic Material Management

Biological assets link to organization-specific genetic material catalogs:

prisma/schema.prisma

model VegetalMaterial {
  id             String              @id @default(uuid())
  organizationId String?
  code           String
  name           String
  speciesId      String
  materialType   VegetalMaterialType // PURA, HIBRIDA
  plantType      PlantType           // PROGENIE, CLON, INJERTO, IN_VITRO
  plantOrigin    PlantOrigin         // NATIVA, EXOTICA, etc.
  provenanceId   String?
  
  species        Species
  provenance     Provenance?
}

Material Types

prisma/schema.prisma

enum VegetalMaterialType {
  PURA    // Pure species
  HIBRIDA // Hybrid
}

enum PlantType {
  PROGENIE  // Seedling from seed
  CLON      // Vegetative clone
  INJERTO   // Grafted
  IN_VITRO  // Tissue culture
}

enum PlantOrigin {
  NATIVA       // Native to region
  EXOTICA      // Exotic/introduced
  NATURALIZADA // Naturalized
  INTRODUCIDA  // Recently introduced
  ENDEMICA     // Endemic
  CULTIVADA    // Cultivated variety
}

IMA Classification

IMA (Incremento Medio Anual / Mean Annual Increment) classifies site productivity:

prisma/schema.prisma

model ImaClass {
  id             String            @id @default(uuid())
  organizationId String?
  code           String
  classification ImaClassification // I, II, III, IV, V
  name           String
  description    String?
  rangeMin       Decimal?          // Min m³/ha/year
  rangeMax       Decimal?          // Max m³/ha/year
}

enum ImaClassification {
  I    // Highest productivity
  II
  III
  IV
  V    // Lowest productivity
}

Example IMA Classes:

Class	Range (m³/ha/year)	Site Quality
I	> 26	Excellent
II	22 - 26	Good
III	18 - 22	Average
IV	14 - 18	Below Average
V	< 14	Poor

Spacing Configurations

Plantation spacing affects tree density and growth:

prisma/schema.prisma

model Spacing {
  id               String  @id @default(uuid())
  organizationId   String?
  code             String
  name             String
  description      String?
  betweenRowsM     Decimal?
  betweenTreesM    Decimal?
  treeDensityPerHa Decimal? // Calculated as 10,000 / (rows * trees)
}

Common Spacings:

3x3: 1,111 trees/ha (intensive management)
3x2: 1,666 trees/ha (high density)
4x3: 833 trees/ha (moderate)
5x5: 400 trees/ha (extensive)

Volume Calculations

Biological assets track multiple volume metrics:

Unit Volume
Total Volume
Adjusted Volume

Volume per hectare:

unitVolumeM3NoBarkPerHa: Commercial volume (m³/ha)
unitVolumeM3WithBarkPerHa: Total volume including bark

Total volume for the entire stand:

totalVolumeM3NoBark = unitVolumeM3NoBarkPerHa × totalAreaHa
totalVolumeM3WithBark = unitVolumeM3WithBarkPerHa × totalAreaHa

Volume adjusted for site conditions, defects, or management:

adjustedVolumeM3NoBarkPerHa: Accounts for operational factors
Used for harvest planning and valuation

Growth Metrics

Diameter and Height

Dominant Height (dominantHeightM): Average height of dominant trees (used for site index)
Mean Height (meanHeightM): Average height of all trees
Quadratic Diameter (quadraticDiameterM): Square root of mean squared diameter (DBH)

Basal Area

basalAreaM2: Sum of cross-sectional areas of all trees at breast height per hectare Calculation:

Basal Area = (π/4) × Σ(DBH²) × density

Survival Rate

survivalRate: Percentage of planted trees still alive

Survival Rate = (Current Trees / Initial Trees) × 100

Management Schemes

Organizations define management approaches:

prisma/schema.prisma

model ManagementScheme {
  id             String        @id @default(uuid())
  organizationId String?
  code           String
  name           String
  isActive       Boolean       @default(true)
}

Example Schemes:

INT-001: Intensive Management (fertilization, pruning, thinning)
EXT-001: Extensive Management (minimal intervention)
AGR-001: Agroforestry System
CON-001: Conservation/Protection

Inventory Types

Different inventory methodologies:

prisma/schema.prisma

model ForestInventoryTypeCatalog {
  id             String  @id @default(uuid())
  organizationId String?
  code           String
  name           String
}

Common Types:

CENSO: Complete enumeration (100% of trees)
MUESTREO: Statistical sampling
ESTIMACION: Visual/expert estimation
DASOMETRICO: Dasometric measurements

Import/Export

Bulk Import

POST /api/forest/biological-assets/import Import biological assets from CSV/Excel: Required columns:

nivel4: Level 4 code (parent unit)
claveactivo: Biological asset key (unique)
fechaestab: Establishment date
añoplantacion: Planting year
materialgen: Genetic material
volumenm3: Volume m³ without bark

Bulk Export

GET /api/forest/biological-assets/export?level4Id={id} Export to CSV or Excel for analysis in external tools.

Best Practices

Naming Conventions

Use consistent biological asset keys: BA-{LEVEL4}-{YEAR}-{SPECIES}
Link accounting keys to financial systems
Document genetic material sources

Inventory Frequency

Young plantations (0-5 years): Annual measurements
Growing stands (5-15 years): Every 2-3 years
Mature stands (15+ years): Every 3-5 years
Update IMA classification after each inventory

Data Quality

Validate volumes against expected growth curves
Cross-check basal area and tree density
Verify survival rates are realistic
Document inventory methodology

Economic Valuation

Record all establishment costs
Update fair value based on market prices
Track costs per hectare for budgeting
Maintain cost history for analysis

Integration Tips

Link biological assets to accounting systems via accountingKey
Use IMA classification for yield predictions
Track costs for financial reporting (IAS 41)
Export data to growth and yield models

Forest Patrimony - Understanding the hierarchy (Levels 2-5)
Land Accounting - Tracking land use changes
API Reference - Biological Assets API

Get Started

Core Features

User Guides

Configuration

Biological Assets (Level 6)

Overview

Key Capabilities

Stand Inventory

Genetic Material

Growth Metrics

Economic Valuation

Data Model

Biological Asset Schema

Asset Types

Creating Biological Assets

User Workflow

API Operations

Creating Assets

Querying Assets

Updating Assets

Deleting Assets

Genetic Material Management

Material Types

IMA Classification

Spacing Configurations

Volume Calculations

Growth Metrics

Diameter and Height

Basal Area

Survival Rate

Management Schemes

Inventory Types

Import/Export

Bulk Import

Bulk Export

Best Practices

Build docs developers (and LLMs) love

Get Started

Core Features

User Guides

Configuration

​Overview

​Key Capabilities

Stand Inventory

Genetic Material

Growth Metrics

Economic Valuation

​Data Model

​Biological Asset Schema

​Asset Types

​Creating Biological Assets

​User Workflow

​API Operations

​Creating Assets

​Querying Assets

​Updating Assets

​Deleting Assets

​Genetic Material Management

​Material Types

​IMA Classification

​Spacing Configurations

​Volume Calculations

​Growth Metrics

​Diameter and Height

​Basal Area

​Survival Rate

​Management Schemes

​Inventory Types

​Import/Export

​Bulk Import

​Bulk Export

​Best Practices

​Related Documentation

Build docs developers (and LLMs) love

Overview

Key Capabilities

Data Model

Biological Asset Schema

Asset Types

Creating Biological Assets

User Workflow

API Operations

Creating Assets

Querying Assets

Updating Assets

Deleting Assets

Genetic Material Management

Material Types

IMA Classification

Spacing Configurations

Volume Calculations

Growth Metrics

Diameter and Height

Basal Area

Survival Rate

Management Schemes

Inventory Types

Import/Export

Bulk Import

Bulk Export

Best Practices

Related Documentation