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Overview

Hitboxes in BetterModel allow you to create interactive regions on your model that respond to player clicks, attacks, and entity mounting. They’re implemented using invisible entities synchronized with bone positions.

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Understanding Hitboxes

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What are Hitboxes?

Hitboxes are invisible collision boxes attached to model bones that:
  • Detect player interactions (right-click, left-click, attack)
  • Support entity mounting and vehicles
  • Follow bone transformations (position, rotation, animation)
  • Can be created automatically or manually

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Hitbox Types

BetterModel uses different entity types for hitboxes:
  • Interaction entities (1.19.4+): Precise click detection
  • Slimes: Compatibility for older versions

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Automatic Hitbox Creation

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Using Bone Tags

Tag bones in BlockBench with hitbox to auto-create hitboxes: 
model_root
├── head [tag: hitbox]
├── body [tag: hitbox]
└── mount_point [tag: hitbox]
Hitboxes are created automatically when the tracker spawns.

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Using Bone Names

Name a bone hitbox to auto-create: 
model_root
└── hitbox  # Auto-creates hitbox

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Manual Hitbox Creation

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Creating a Single Hitbox

Create hitboxes programmatically using bone predicates: 
import kr.toxicity.model.api.tracker.EntityTracker;
import kr.toxicity.model.api.util.function.BonePredicate;
import kr.toxicity.model.api.nms.HitBoxListener;

EntityTracker tracker = // your tracker

// Create hitbox on bones named "head"
boolean created = tracker.createHitBox(
    null,  // HitBoxListener (null for default)
    BonePredicate.name("head")
);

if (created) {
    System.out.println("Hitbox created");
}

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Creating with Custom Listener

Add custom interaction handling: 
import kr.toxicity.model.api.nms.HitBoxListener;

HitBoxListener listener = HitBoxListener.builder()
    .interact(event -> {
        System.out.println("Player interacted: " + event.player().name());
        System.out.println("Hand: " + event.hand());
    })
    .interactAt(event -> {
        System.out.println("Interaction position: " + event.position());
    })
    .attack(event -> {
        System.out.println("Hitbox attacked by: " + event.player().name());
    })
    .build();

tracker.createHitBox(
    listener,
    BonePredicate.name("body")
);

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Hitbox Events

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Available Events

import kr.toxicity.model.api.event.hitbox.*;
import org.bukkit.event.EventHandler;
import org.bukkit.event.Listener;

public class HitBoxEventListener implements Listener {
    
    @EventHandler
    public void onHitBoxCreate(HitBoxCreateEvent event) {
        System.out.println("Hitbox created: " + event.bone().name());
    }
    
    @EventHandler
    public void onHitBoxRemove(HitBoxRemoveEvent event) {
        System.out.println("Hitbox removed");
    }
    
    @EventHandler
    public void onHitBoxInteract(HitBoxInteractEvent event) {
        System.out.println("Player: " + event.player().name());
        System.out.println("Hand: " + event.hand());
        
        // Cancel the event to prevent default behavior
        event.cancelled(true);
    }
    
    @EventHandler
    public void onHitBoxInteractAt(HitBoxInteractAtEvent event) {
        System.out.println("Interaction position: " + event.position());
    }
    
    @EventHandler
    public void onHitBoxAttack(HitBoxAttackEvent event) {
        System.out.println("Attacker: " + event.player().name());
    }
    
    @EventHandler
    public void onHitBoxMount(HitBoxMountEvent event) {
        System.out.println("Entity mounted: " + event.entity().uuid());
    }
    
    @EventHandler
    public void onHitBoxDismount(HitBoxDismountEvent event) {
        System.out.println("Entity dismounted");
    }
}

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Tracker-Level Event Listening

Register event listeners directly on a tracker: 
import kr.toxicity.model.api.event.hitbox.HitBoxInteractEvent;

tracker.listenHitBox(HitBoxInteractEvent.class, event -> {
    System.out.println("Hitbox clicked!");
    event.player().sendMessage("You clicked the model!");
});

// Or using builder pattern
tracker.listenHitBox((bone, builder) -> builder
    .interact(event -> {
        System.out.println("Interacted with: " + bone.name());
    })
    .attack(event -> {
        System.out.println("Attacked: " + bone.name());
    })
);

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Working with Hitboxes

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Retrieving Hitboxes

Get a hitbox from a bone: 
import kr.toxicity.model.api.bone.RenderedBone;
import kr.toxicity.model.api.nms.HitBox;

// Get specific bone's hitbox
RenderedBone bone = tracker.bone("head");
if (bone != null) {
    HitBox hitBox = bone.getHitBox();
    if (hitBox != null) {
        System.out.println("Hitbox exists for head");
    }
}

// Or retrieve/create in one call
HitBox hitBox = tracker.hitbox(
    tracker.sourceEntity(),
    null,  // listener
    bone -> bone.name().toString().equals("head")
);

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Accessing from Registry

Get all hitboxes for an entity: 
import kr.toxicity.model.api.tracker.EntityTrackerRegistry;

BetterModel.registry(entity.getUniqueId()).ifPresent(registry -> {
    registry.hitBoxCache().forEach((uuid, hitBox) -> {
        System.out.println("Hitbox: " + hitBox.groupName());
    });
});

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Removing Hitboxes

Remove a specific hitbox: 
HitBox hitBox = // your hitbox
hitBox.removeHitBox();

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Mounting System

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Mount Controllers

Control mounting behavior: 
import kr.toxicity.model.api.mount.MountController;
import kr.toxicity.model.api.mount.MountControllers;

HitBox hitBox = // your hitbox

// Allow mounting
hitBox.mountController(MountControllers.ALLOW);

// Allow mounting and control
hitBox.mountController(MountControllers.CONTROL);

// Disable mounting
hitBox.mountController(MountControllers.DENY);

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Mounting Entities

Mount an entity to a hitbox: 
import kr.toxicity.model.api.platform.PlatformEntity;

PlatformEntity entity = BukkitAdapter.adapt(player);
HitBox hitBox = // your hitbox

// Mount the entity
hitBox.mount(entity);

// Check if mounted
if (hitBox.hasMountDriver()) {
    System.out.println("Entity is mounted");
}

// Dismount
hitBox.dismount(entity);

// Dismount all
hitBox.dismountAll();

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Mount Events

Listen for mount/dismount: 
import kr.toxicity.model.api.event.MountModelEvent;
import kr.toxicity.model.api.event.DismountModelEvent;

@EventHandler
public void onMount(MountModelEvent event) {
    EntityTracker tracker = event.tracker();
    RenderedBone bone = event.bone();
    HitBox hitBox = event.hitBox();
    PlatformEntity entity = event.entity();
    
    System.out.println(entity.name() + " mounted " + bone.name());
}

@EventHandler
public void onDismount(DismountModelEvent event) {
    System.out.println("Entity dismounted");
}

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Vehicle Movement

Check if passenger is walking: 
HitBox hitBox = // your hitbox

if (hitBox.onWalk()) {
    System.out.println("Passenger is walking");
    // Play walking animation
    tracker.animate("walk");
}

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Advanced Hitbox Usage

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Conditional Hitbox Creation

Create hitboxes based on conditions: 
tracker.createHitBox(
    null,
    BonePredicate.tag("clickable")
        .and(bone -> bone.name().toString().startsWith("interactive_"))
);

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Dynamic Hitbox Listeners

Change hitbox behavior at runtime: 
// Track hitbox state
Map<HitBox, Integer> clickCounts = new HashMap<>();

tracker.listenHitBox((bone, builder) -> builder
    .interact(event -> {
        HitBox hitBox = event.hitBox();
        int clicks = clickCounts.getOrDefault(hitBox, 0) + 1;
        clickCounts.put(hitBox, clicks);
        
        if (clicks >= 3) {
            System.out.println("Unlocked after 3 clicks!");
            hitBox.removeHitBox();
        }
    })
);

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Multi-Hitbox Interactions

Create complex interaction patterns: 
public class PuzzleModel {
    private final Set<String> activatedBones = new HashSet<>();
    
    public void setupPuzzle(EntityTracker tracker) {
        tracker.listenHitBox((bone, builder) -> builder
            .interact(event -> {
                String boneName = bone.name().toString();
                
                if (boneName.startsWith("button_")) {
                    activatedBones.add(boneName);
                    
                    // Visual feedback
                    tracker.update(
                        TrackerUpdateAction.tint(0x00FF00),
                        b -> b.name().toString().equals(boneName)
                    );
                    
                    // Check completion
                    if (activatedBones.size() == 4) {
                        completePuzzle(tracker);
                    }
                }
            })
        );
    }
    
    private void completePuzzle(EntityTracker tracker) {
        tracker.animate("unlock", AnimationModifier.DEFAULT_WITH_PLAY_ONCE);
    }
}

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Hitbox Visibility Control

Show/hide hitboxes for specific players: 
import kr.toxicity.model.api.platform.PlatformPlayer;

HitBox hitBox = // your hitbox
PlatformPlayer player = BukkitAdapter.adapt(bukkitPlayer);

// Hide from player
hitBox.hide(player);

// Show to player
hitBox.show(player);

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Hitbox Best Practices

Performance Tips:
  • Limit hitboxes to interactive areas only
  • Use bone tags for automatic creation
  • Avoid creating/destroying hitboxes frequently
  • Cache hitbox references when possible
Common Pitfalls:
  • Hitboxes follow animations - ensure bones are properly positioned
  • Large hitbox counts can impact performance
  • Mount points require proper pivot positioning
  • Hitbox size is determined by bone group configuration

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Naming Conventions

Use clear, descriptive bone names: 
interactive_chest_lid
clickable_button_red
mount_seat_driver
hitbox_head_damage

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Size Configuration

Configure hitbox size in bone groups: 
# In your model configuration
groups:
  head:
    hitbox:
      width: 0.8
      height: 0.8
      depth: 0.8

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Debugging Hitboxes

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Visual Debugging

Make hitboxes visible temporarily: 
// Set hitbox to visible (for debugging)
// Note: This requires NMS access
tracker.bones().forEach(bone -> {
    HitBox hitBox = bone.getHitBox();
    if (hitBox != null) {
        System.out.println("Hitbox at: " + bone.name());
        System.out.println("Position: " + hitBox.relativePosition());
    }
});

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Logging Interactions

tracker.listenHitBox((bone, builder) -> builder
    .interact(event -> {
        System.out.println("=== Hitbox Interaction ===");
        System.out.println("Bone: " + bone.name());
        System.out.println("Player: " + event.player().name());
        System.out.println("Hand: " + event.hand());
        System.out.println("=========================");
    })
);

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Example: Interactive NPC

public class InteractiveNPC {
    
    public void createNPC(Location location) {
        DummyTracker tracker = BetterModel.model("npc_villager")
            .map(r -> r.create(BukkitAdapter.adapt(location)))
            .orElse(null);
        
        if (tracker == null) return;
        
        // Create clickable head
        tracker.listenHitBox((bone, builder) -> {
            if (bone.name().toString().equals("head")) {
                return builder.interact(event -> {
                    PlatformPlayer player = event.player();
                    
                    // Play greeting animation
                    tracker.animate("wave", AnimationModifier.DEFAULT_WITH_PLAY_ONCE);
                    
                    // Send message
                    player.sendMessage("Hello, " + player.name() + "!");
                });
            }
            return builder;
        });
        
        // Create hitboxes
        tracker.task(() -> tracker.createHitBox(
            null,
            BonePredicate.name("head")
        ));
    }
}

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Next Steps

Player Models

Work with player limb models and customization

Per-Player Animation

Individual animation states per player

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