Stock Movements

Overview

The stock movements system tracks all inventory changes with full traceability. Every movement records the type (entry, exit, or adjustment), quantity, responsible employee, and timestamp.

Stock movements automatically update the stock_actual field in the products table, ensuring inventory accuracy.

Movement Types

The system supports three types of inventory movements:

Entrada

Entry: Add stock from new shipments or returns

Salida

Exit: Remove stock for sales or transfers

Ajuste

Adjustment: Correct inventory discrepancies or damages

Database Structure

CREATE TABLE `movimiento_stock` (
  `id_movimiento` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `fecha` datetime DEFAULT current_timestamp(),
  `tipo_movimiento` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
  `cantidad` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `id_prenda` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `id_empleado` int(11) NOT NULL
);

Foreign Key Constraints

ALTER TABLE `movimiento_stock`
  ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_mov_prenda` FOREIGN KEY (`id_prenda`) 
      REFERENCES `prenda` (`id_prenda`),
  ADD CONSTRAINT `fk_mov_emp` FOREIGN KEY (`id_empleado`) 
      REFERENCES `empleado` (`id_empleado`);

The fecha field automatically captures the timestamp when each movement is created using current_timestamp().

Recording Movements

Movements are recorded through the form in movimientos.php:

Movement Registration Code

if(isset($_POST['registrar_mov'])){
    $stmt = $conn->prepare(
        "INSERT INTO movimiento_stock (tipo_movimiento, cantidad, id_prenda, id_empleado) 
         VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)"
    );
    $stmt->execute([
        $_POST['tipo'], 
        $_POST['cant'], 
        $_POST['prenda'], 
        $_POST['emp']
    ]);
    
    // Update stock_actual in the prenda table
    $operador = ($_POST['tipo'] == 'entrada') ? "+" : "-";
    if($_POST['tipo'] == 'ajuste') $operador = "+";
    
    $conn->query(
        "UPDATE prenda SET stock_actual = stock_actual $operador {$_POST['cant']} 
         WHERE id_prenda = {$_POST['prenda']}"
    );
    
    header("Location: movimientos.php");
}

Stock Update Logic

Entrada
Salida
Ajuste

Entries add to stock:

$operador = "+";
UPDATE prenda SET stock_actual = stock_actual + cantidad

Exits subtract from stock:

$operador = "-";
UPDATE prenda SET stock_actual = stock_actual - cantidad

Adjustments can be positive or negative:

// Quantity can include sign in adjustment type
$operador = "+";

Registration Form

The movement form includes four required fields:

Form Structure

<form class="card-body row" method="POST">
    <div class="col-md-3">
        <label>Prenda</label>
        <select name="prenda" class="form-select">
            <?php 
            $ps = $conn->query("SELECT id_prenda, nombre FROM prenda"); 
            while($p = $ps->fetch()) {
                echo "<option value='{$p['id_prenda']}'>{$p['nombre']}</option>"; 
            }
            ?>
        </select>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-2">
        <label>Tipo</label>
        <select name="tipo" class="form-select">
            <option value="entrada">Entrada</option>
            <option value="salida">Salida</option>
            <option value="ajuste">Ajuste</option>
        </select>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-2">
        <label>Cantidad</label>
        <input type="number" name="cant" class="form-control" required>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-3">
        <label>Empleado que autoriza</label>
        <select name="emp" class="form-select">
            <?php 
            $es = $conn->query("SELECT id_empleado, nombre FROM empleado"); 
            while($e = $es->fetch()) {
                echo "<option value='{$e['id_empleado']}'>{$e['nombre']}</option>"; 
            }
            ?>
        </select>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-2 d-flex align-items-end">
        <button name="registrar_mov" class="btn btn-success w-100">Registrar</button>
    </div>
</form>

Select Product

Choose the product (prenda) from a dropdown populated with all available items

Choose Movement Type

Select whether this is an entry, exit, or adjustment

Enter Quantity

Specify how many units to add, remove, or adjust

Authorize Employee

Select the employee authorizing this movement for accountability

Submit

Click “Registrar” to record the movement and update stock levels

Movement History

The movements table displays a complete audit trail:

History Query

$sql = "SELECT m.*, p.nombre as p_nom, e.nombre as e_nom 
        FROM movimiento_stock m 
        JOIN prenda p ON m.id_prenda = p.id_prenda 
        JOIN empleado e ON m.id_empleado = e.id_empleado 
        ORDER BY fecha DESC";

Table Display

Movements are color-coded by type:

while($row = $res->fetch()){
    $clase = ($row['tipo_movimiento'] == 'entrada') ? 'text-success' : 'text-danger';
    echo "<tr>
            <td>{$row['fecha']}</td>
            <td>{$row['p_nom']}</td>
            <td class='fw-bold $clase'>" . strtoupper($row['tipo_movimiento']) . "</td>
            <td>{$row['cantidad']}</td>
            <td>{$row['e_nom']}</td>
          </tr>";
}

Entry Display
Exit Display
Columns

Entries appear in green (text-success):

ENTRADA in bold green text
Indicates positive stock addition

Column	Data Source	Description
Fecha	`m.fecha`	Automatic timestamp
Prenda	`p.nombre`	Product name (join)
Tipo	`m.tipo_movimiento`	Color-coded movement type
Cant.	`m.cantidad`	Units affected
Empleado	`e.nombre`	Authorizing employee (join)

Example Movement Data

Here are real examples from the system:

INSERT INTO `movimiento_stock` VALUES
(1, '2026-02-07 20:24:25', 'entrada', 10, 1, 2),
(2, '2026-02-07 20:24:25', 'salida', 5, 2, 3),
(3, '2026-02-07 20:24:25', 'ajuste', -2, 3, 1),
(4, '2026-02-07 20:24:25', 'entrada', 20, 4, 5),
(5, '2026-02-07 20:24:25', 'salida', 1, 5, 2);

Movement Impact

Movement #1

Entrada: +10 units of product #1 by employee #2

Movement #2

Salida: -5 units of product #2 by employee #3

Movement #3

Ajuste: -2 units of product #3 (correction) by employee #1

Employee Accountability

Every movement requires an employee ID for audit purposes:

Employee Structure

CREATE TABLE `empleado` (
  `id_empleado` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `nombre` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
  `puesto` varchar(20) NOT NULL
);

Example Employees

ID	Nombre	Puesto
1	Karina Sánchez	gerente
2	Miguel Esparza	empleado
3	Kennia De luna	gerente
4	Mariana Juárez	gerente
5	Guadalupe Hernández	empleado

Employee tracking creates accountability for all inventory changes, which is critical for loss prevention and audit compliance.

Database Indexing

The movements table includes optimized indexes:

ALTER TABLE `movimiento_stock`
  ADD KEY `idx_movimiento_fecha` (`fecha`);

This index on the fecha field optimizes the default ORDER BY fecha DESC query used in the history view.

Best Practices

Use Correct Type

Choose the appropriate movement type (entrada/salida/ajuste) for accurate reporting

Document Adjustments

Use adjustments sparingly and document the reason for inventory corrections

Regular Audits

Review movement history regularly to identify patterns or discrepancies

Employee Training

Ensure all employees understand when to record each movement type

Stock movements directly modify the stock_actual field. Incorrect entries can lead to inventory discrepancies. Always verify quantities before submitting.

Inventory Management

View real-time stock levels affected by movements

Price Updates

Track price changes with similar employee accountability

Get Started

Core Features

User Guide

Overview

Movement Types

Entrada

Salida

Ajuste

Database Structure

Foreign Key Constraints

Recording Movements

Movement Registration Code

Stock Update Logic

Registration Form

Form Structure

Movement History

History Query

Table Display

Example Movement Data

Movement Impact

Movement #1

Movement #2

Movement #3

Employee Accountability

Employee Structure

Example Employees

Database Indexing

Best Practices

Use Correct Type

Document Adjustments

Regular Audits

Employee Training

Inventory Management

Price Updates

Build docs developers (and LLMs) love

Get Started

Core Features

User Guide

​Overview

​Movement Types

Entrada

Salida

Ajuste

​Database Structure

​Foreign Key Constraints

​Recording Movements

​Movement Registration Code

​Stock Update Logic

​Registration Form

​Form Structure

​Movement History

​History Query

​Table Display

​Example Movement Data

​Movement Impact

Movement #1

Movement #2

Movement #3

​Employee Accountability

​Employee Structure

​Example Employees

​Database Indexing

​Best Practices

Use Correct Type

Document Adjustments

Regular Audits

Employee Training

​Related Features

Inventory Management

Price Updates

Build docs developers (and LLMs) love

Overview

Movement Types

Database Structure

Foreign Key Constraints

Recording Movements

Movement Registration Code

Stock Update Logic

Registration Form

Form Structure

Movement History

History Query

Table Display

Example Movement Data

Movement Impact

Employee Accountability

Employee Structure

Example Employees

Database Indexing

Best Practices

Related Features