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Overview

RALQ provides interactive 3D models of laboratory instruments across three specialized categories. Students can explore equipment used in general chemistry, instrumental analysis, and chemical plants, understanding their structure, function, and applications in real laboratory settings.

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Laboratory Categories

RALQ organizes laboratory instruments into three main categories:

General Chemistry

Basic laboratory equipment for fundamental chemistry experiments and techniques

Instrumental Analysis

Advanced analytical instruments for precise chemical measurements and analysis

Chemical Plants

Industrial-scale equipment for chemical production and process engineering

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General Chemistry Instruments

Basic laboratory equipment used in chemistry education and fundamental experiments. These instruments are essential for students learning laboratory techniques. Source File: quimica-general.php

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Available Instruments

Test Tube Rack (Gradilla)

File: modelos/gradilla.glb
Purpose: Holds test tubes upright during experiments
Category: Support equipment

Erlenmeyer Flask (Matraz)

File: instrumentos3D/matraz (1).glb
Purpose: Heating and mixing solutions
Category: Glassware

Microscope

File: instrumentos3D/microscopio.glb
AR Link: https://mywebar.com/p/Project_1_f3ia9uedar
Purpose: Magnify and observe microscopic samples
Category: Optical instrument

Mortar and Pestle

File: instrumentos3D/mortero_con_mano.glb
AR Link: https://mywebar.com/p/Project_2_weu37bf31
Purpose: Grind and mix solid chemicals
Category: Preparation equipment

Pipette

File: instrumentos3D/pipeta (1).glb
Purpose: Precise liquid measurement and transfer
Category: Measurement tool

Porcelain Reaction Plates

File: instrumentos3D/placas_de_porcelana_para_reacciones (2).glb
Purpose: Small-scale reactions and testing
Category: Reaction vessel

Flask Clamps

File: instrumentos3D/pinzas_para_matraces (1).glb
Purpose: Hold flasks securely during heating
Category: Support equipment

Iron Ring

File: instrumentos3D/anillo_de_hierro (1).glb
Purpose: Support for funnels and glassware
Category: Support equipment

Test Tube Clamp

File: instrumentos3D/pinzas_para_tubo_de_ensayo (1).glb
Purpose: Hold test tubes safely during experiments
Category: Safety equipment

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Educational Content: General Chemistry Lab

The general chemistry laboratory page includes comprehensive educational content: Purpose:
  • Apply theoretical concepts learned in class
  • Perform experiments to observe chemical reactions
  • Learn measurement and chemical analysis techniques
  • Handle chemical substances safely
  • Develop skills in laboratory instrument use
Laboratory Areas:
  • Work Area: Tables with burners, reagents, and laboratory equipment
  • Storage Area: Where reagents and chemical substances are kept
  • Safety Area: Includes fire extinguishers, emergency showers, and first aid kit
  • Fume Hood: For working safely with toxic gases
Common Instruments:
  • Beakers for mixing substances
  • Graduated cylinders and pipettes for precise liquid measurement
  • Erlenmeyer flasks for heating and stirring solutions
  • Analytical balance for weighing chemical substances
  • Bunsen burner for heating samples
  • Test tubes for small chemical reactions
  • Spatulas and tongs for handling solids and hot objects

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Instrumental Analysis Equipment

Advanced equipment for precise chemical analysis using modern instrumental techniques. Used in quality control, research, and analytical laboratories. Source File: analisis-instrumental.php

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Available Equipment

Autoclave

File: instrumentos3D/autoclave.glb
Purpose: Sterilize materials using high-pressure steam
Description: Equipment for sterilization at high pressure and temperature

Fume Hood

File: instrumentos3D/campana_de_extraccion.glb
Purpose: Extract toxic vapors and gases
Description: Safety device protecting users from hazardous fumes

Centrifuge

File: instrumentos3D/centrifugadora.glb
Purpose: Separate mixture components by density
Description: Uses centrifugal force to separate based on density

Incubator

File: instrumentos3D/incubadora.glb
Purpose: Control temperature and humidity for cultures
Description: Maintains controlled conditions for biological growth

Hot Plate

File: instrumentos3D/placa_calefactora.glb
Purpose: Heat substances uniformly and controlled
Description: Uniform and controlled heating for glass containers

Universal Support

File: instrumentos3D/soporte_universal.glb
Purpose: Hold and support laboratory equipment
Description: Metal structure for securing various instruments

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Analytical Techniques

The instrumental analysis laboratory supports various advanced techniques:
Analyzes light-matter interaction:
  • UV-Vis: Determines substance concentrations in solutions
  • Infrared (FTIR): Identifies functional groups in organic molecules
  • Atomic Absorption (AAS): Detects metals in liquid samples

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Chemical Plants Equipment

Industrial-scale equipment for chemical production, process optimization, and plant design. Used in chemical engineering education and process simulation. Source File: plantas-quimicas.php
The chemical plants laboratory focuses on industrial processes rather than individual instruments. It studies large-scale chemical production, process optimization, and industrial equipment design.

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Laboratory Objectives

  • Design and optimize industrial chemical processes
  • Evaluate viability of new products and materials
  • Control quality and safety in chemical production
  • Reduce costs and minimize environmental impacts
  • Perform simulations and modeling of chemical processes

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Equipment and Techniques

Chemical Reactors

Study kinetics and thermodynamics of reactions at industrial scale

Distillers & Evaporators

Separate and concentrate substances in production processes

Heat Exchangers

Study energy transfer in industrial processes

Computational Modeling

Optimize processes through simulation without physical risks

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Industrial Processes Studied

  • Production of fuels and petrochemicals (gasoline, diesel, plastics)
  • Synthesis of pharmaceuticals and industrial chemicals
  • Water and waste treatment processes
  • Optimization of fertilizer and agrochemical production
  • Generation of biofuels and renewable energy

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Exploring 3D Models

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Model Viewer Implementation

All laboratory instruments use the same model-viewer component as molecular structures: 
<model-viewer
    src="instrumentos3D/microscopio.glb"
    alt="Modelo de Microscopio"
    auto-rotate
    camera-controls
    ar
    style="width: 100%; height: 240px; background-color: transparent;"
    shadow-intensity="0"
    interaction-prompt="none">
</model-viewer>

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Interaction Controls

Rotate

Click/touch and drag to rotate the instrument in 3D space

Zoom

Scroll wheel or pinch gesture to zoom in/out for detail inspection

Pan

Shift+drag or two-finger drag to reposition the model

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AR Mode Access

Many instruments include AR visualization through:
  1. MyWebAR Links - External AR experiences in web browser
  2. Native AR - model-viewer’s built-in AR on supported devices
Not all instruments have dedicated AR links. The ar attribute enables native AR mode on compatible devices for all models.

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Educational Purpose

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Learning Objectives

For Students:
  • Recognize laboratory equipment before hands-on practice
  • Understand instrument functions and applications
  • Visualize equipment from all angles
  • Prepare for safe laboratory work
  • Learn proper equipment handling techniques
For Educators:
  • Supplement physical laboratory demonstrations
  • Provide remote learning resources
  • Enable equipment exploration without physical access
  • Support visual learners with 3D models
  • Demonstrate equipment assembly and setup

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Safety Education

Laboratory Safety Protocols:
  • Wear lab coat, gloves, and safety goggles
  • Do not eat or drink in the laboratory
  • Read and follow experiment instructions
  • Handle reagents carefully and know their hazards
  • Report accidents immediately to the instructor
  • Use fume hoods for toxic substances
  • Know emergency equipment locations

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Use Cases

Students can familiarize themselves with equipment before entering the physical laboratory:
  • Identify instruments by appearance
  • Understand scale and size relationships
  • Learn equipment names and functions
  • Visualize experimental setups

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Technical Details

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File Organization

source/
├── laboratorios.php (Main navigation)
├── quimica-general.php (General chemistry lab)
├── analisis-instrumental.php (Instrumental analysis lab)
├── plantas-quimicas.php (Chemical plants lab)
├── modelos/
│   └── gradilla.glb
└── instrumentos3D/
    ├── matraz (1).glb
    ├── microscopio.glb
    ├── mortero_con_mano.glb
    ├── pipeta (1).glb
    ├── placas_de_porcelana_para_reacciones (2).glb
    ├── pinzas_para_matraces (1).glb
    ├── anillo_de_hierro (1).glb
    ├── pinzas_para_tubo_de_ensayo (1).glb
    ├── autoclave.glb
    ├── campana_de_extraccion.glb
    ├── centrifugadora.glb
    ├── incubadora.glb
    ├── placa_calefactora.glb
    └── soporte_universal.glb

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Model Format

All instruments are stored as GLB files (GL Transmission Format Binary):
  • Optimized for web delivery
  • Contains full 3D geometry and materials
  • Supports real-time rendering
  • Compatible with AR platforms

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Best Practices

Model Optimization

  • Keep GLB files under 5MB when possible
  • Use appropriate polygon counts for detail
  • Compress textures without quality loss
  • Test loading times on mobile devices

Educational Context

  • Provide accurate instrument descriptions
  • Include safety information
  • Link to operational procedures
  • Explain real-world applications

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