http package provides modules for working with the HTTP protocol.
Module Import
from http import HTTPStatus
from http.server import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler
from http.client import HTTPConnection
HTTP Status Codes
from http import HTTPStatus
# Access status codes
print(HTTPStatus.OK) # 200
print(HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND) # 404
print(HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR) # 500
# Get description
status = HTTPStatus.OK
print(status.phrase) # 'OK'
print(status.description) # 'Request fulfilled, document follows'
# Common status codes
HTTPStatus.OK # 200
HTTPStatus.CREATED # 201
HTTPStatus.BAD_REQUEST # 400
HTTPStatus.UNAUTHORIZED # 401
HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN # 403
HTTPStatus.NOT_FOUND # 404
HTTPStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR # 500
HTTP Server
from http.server import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler
class MyHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
def do_GET(self):
# Send response status
self.send_response(200)
# Send headers
self.send_header('Content-type', 'text/html')
self.end_headers()
# Send response body
self.wfile.write(b'<html><body><h1>Hello, World!</h1></body></html>')
def do_POST(self):
# Get content length
content_length = int(self.headers['Content-Length'])
# Read POST data
post_data = self.rfile.read(content_length)
# Send response
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header('Content-type', 'text/plain')
self.end_headers()
self.wfile.write(b'Data received')
# Run server
server = HTTPServer(('localhost', 8000), MyHandler)
print('Server running on http://localhost:8000')
server.serve_forever()
HTTP Client
from http.client import HTTPConnection
# Create connection
conn = HTTPConnection('example.com')
# Send GET request
conn.request('GET', '/')
# Get response
response = conn.getresponse()
print(f"Status: {response.status}")
print(f"Reason: {response.reason}")
# Read response body
data = response.read()
print(data.decode())
conn.close()
Simple File Server
from http.server import HTTPServer, SimpleHTTPRequestHandler
import os
# Change to directory to serve
os.chdir('/path/to/serve')
# Start server
server = HTTPServer(('localhost', 8000), SimpleHTTPRequestHandler)
print('Serving files at http://localhost:8000')
server.serve_forever()
For production HTTP servers, use frameworks like Flask, FastAPI, or Django instead of http.server.
urllib
URL handling modules
socket
Low-level networking